CEPHALOHEMATOMAS IN CHILDREN

Аннотация

Cephalohematoma is a subperiosteal hemorrhage of the cranial vault bones that occurs as a result of birth-related trauma. Despite advances in obstetrics and neonatology, its incidence remains stable worldwide. This review summarizes current data on the etiology, mechanisms of formation, clinical presentation, complications, and management of cephalohematomas in children. Special attention is given to maternal, intrapartum, and fetal risk factors, as well as to the natural course of the condition. While most cephalohematomas resolve spontaneously without intervention, large or complicated cases may be associated with anemia, hyperbilirubinemia, infection, or calcification. An analysis of contemporary clinical approaches emphasizes the importance of dynamic observation and a conservative strategy, reserving surgical treatment for rare complicated cases. The use of standardized clinical protocols is crucial for optimizing outcomes and minimizing the risk of adverse events.